Ero sivun The background of the Encyclopaedia versioiden välillä

Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedia
Loikkaa: valikkoon, hakuun
(Ak: Uusi sivu: {{Artikkeli |sivun nimi=Introduction |kieli=englanti |id=20141209130432 |artikkeliteksti=<P align="justify">The Encyclopaedia of Saami Culture project got under way in connection w...)
 
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{{Artikkeli
 
{{Artikkeli
|sivun nimi=Introduction
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|sivun nimi=The background and editors of the Encyclopaedia
 
|kieli=englanti
 
|kieli=englanti
 
|id=20141209130432
 
|id=20141209130432
 
|artikkeliteksti=<P align="justify">The Encyclopaedia of Saami Culture project got under way in connection with a course in Saami Studies that began in the University of Helsinki in 1993. Planning commenced in 1998, and the project was granted funding for two years from the EU in 2001. The project is being carried out in the Department of Finno-Ugrian Studies of the University of Helsinki in conjunction with the department of Saami Studies of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Tromsø in Norway and the Department of Archaeology and Sami Studies of the University of Umeå in Sweden, the Algu project (an etymological data bank of the Saami languages) of the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland and the Finnish Literary Society. The objective is to compile and systematize information about the Saami - the indigenous people of northern Europe - across national frontiers. The project aims to create on the internet a wide-ranging electronic data bank in Finnish, English and later also in Saami. It is also intended that the encyclopaedia will be published in book format by the Finnish Literary Society.</p>
 
|artikkeliteksti=<P align="justify">The Encyclopaedia of Saami Culture project got under way in connection with a course in Saami Studies that began in the University of Helsinki in 1993. Planning commenced in 1998, and the project was granted funding for two years from the EU in 2001. The project is being carried out in the Department of Finno-Ugrian Studies of the University of Helsinki in conjunction with the department of Saami Studies of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Tromsø in Norway and the Department of Archaeology and Sami Studies of the University of Umeå in Sweden, the Algu project (an etymological data bank of the Saami languages) of the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland and the Finnish Literary Society. The objective is to compile and systematize information about the Saami - the indigenous people of northern Europe - across national frontiers. The project aims to create on the internet a wide-ranging electronic data bank in Finnish, English and later also in Saami. It is also intended that the encyclopaedia will be published in book format by the Finnish Literary Society.</p>
  
<P align="justify">Saami culture is not an integral whole; rather it embraces a number of different cultures and languages. Sápmi (Saamiland) is a vast area stretching from central Norway and Sweden across northernmost Finland to the eastern end of the Kola Peninsula. This area lying within four different states is inhabited by 60,000-70,000 Saamis. The Saami languages differ from each other to the extent that speakers of one language do not necessarily understand speakers of another. In addition, there are regional varieties within the languages, and for example North Saami is divided into four distinct major dialects. We have striven to take account of this multiplicity by presenting information particularly about minority groups within the Saami people, such as the Saamis of the Kola Peninsula, who have so far been ignored in research on Saami culture. Because of the wide spectrum of Saami culture, it is impossible to collect all the existing research material into this encyclopaedia. We start with the findings in those fields that the members of the editorial board are themselves most familiar with, but we have also recruited experts from outside the group to contribute. We have regarded it as being of primary importance that the voices of the Saami groups themselves are represented. The emphasis is on recent research and data and documentation produced by the Saami themselves. The encyclopaedia consists of about 2000 articles. The basic articles deal with the Saami languages, history, folklore, literature, music, the economy, nature and occupations, the media, legal matters, education, art, social conditions, and so on. The most important aspects of each area are dealt with in extensive articles. There are also articles dealing with notable persons who have influenced and helped to create Saami culture, and there are definitions of words and concepts that are characteristic of it. The encyclopaedia also contains 49 articles on the etymologies of words (italicized) that are significantly connected with the culture of the Saami people. In addition, the encyclopaedia is illustrated with pictures, maps and voice samples.</p>
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<P align="justify">Saami culture is not an integral whole; rather it embraces a number of different cultures and languages. Sápmi (Saamiland) is a vast area stretching from central Norway and Sweden across northernmost Finland to the eastern end of the Kola Peninsula. This area lying within four different states is inhabited by 60,000-70,000 Saamis. The Saami languages differ from each other to the extent that speakers of one language do not necessarily understand speakers of another. In addition, there are regional varieties within the languages, and for example North Saami is divided into four distinct major dialects. We have striven to take account of this multiplicity by presenting information particularly about minority groups within the Saami people, such as the Saamis of the Kola Peninsula, who have so far been ignored in research on Saami culture. Because of the wide spectrum of Saami culture, it is impossible to collect all the existing research material into this encyclopaedia.  
  
<P align="justify">The publication of the encyclopaedia in electronic format makes it possible to supplement and update the information later on. The version now being published is a pilot project which will create an opportunity for more extensive networking between scholars engaged in Saami Studies. Our goal is to add to the data, to develop the electronic version for teaching purposes and to enhance the web site both visually and technically.</p>
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<P align="justify">We start with the findings in those fields that the members of the editorial board are themselves most familiar with, but we have also recruited experts from outside the group to contribute. We have regarded it as being of primary importance that the voices of the Saami groups themselves are represented. The emphasis is on recent research and data and documentation produced by the Saami themselves. The encyclopaedia consists of about 2000 articles. The basic articles deal with the Saami languages, history, literature, music, the economy, environment and occupations, the media, legal matters, education, art, social conditions, and so on. The most important aspects of each area are dealt with in extensive articles. There are also articles dealing with notable persons who have influenced and helped to create Saami culture, and there are definitions of words and concepts that are characteristic of it. The encyclopaedia also contains 49 articles on the etymologies of words (italicized) that are significantly connected with the culture of the Saami people. In addition, the encyclopaedia is illustrated with pictures, maps and voice samples.</p>
  
<P align="justify">Unfortunately, it was not possible to reproduce all the characters of the orthographies of the Saami languages in the old internet version. Consequently, special Saami characters are represented by an asterisk (*) and the palatalized consonants of Skolt Saami by a double asterisk (**) in that system.</p>
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<P align="justify">The publication of the encyclopaedia in electronic format makes it possible to supplement and update the information later on.</p>
  
<P align="justify">Members of the editorial board and their areas of responsibility:</p>
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<P align="justify"> We have created a new wiki data base.</p>
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<P align="justify">Members of the original editorial board and their areas of responsibility:</p>
  
 
* Christian Carpelan (University of Helsinki): archaeology, history, ethnography
 
* Christian Carpelan (University of Helsinki): archaeology, history, ethnography
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* Olavi Korhonen and Mikael Svonni (University of Umeå): Swedish Saami affairs, place names and regions
 
* Olavi Korhonen and Mikael Svonni (University of Umeå): Swedish Saami affairs, place names and regions
 
* Lars-Dan Beck (University of Helsinki), Data base system
 
* Lars-Dan Beck (University of Helsinki), Data base system
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<P align="justify">Members of the new editorial board:</p>
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* Irja Seurujärvi-Kari(University of Helsinki)
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* Pirjo Kristiina Virtanen (University of Helsinki)
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* Risto Pulkkinen (University of Helsinki)
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* Hanna Guttorm (Sámi University college)
  
 
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Versio 11. helmikuuta 2018 kello 13.32

Ensyklopedian tausta ja tavoitteet

Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedian hankkeen nykyisiä jäseniä (2020–) ovat Irja Seurujärvi-Kari (FT, saamentutkimus, Helsingin yliopisto), Hanna Guttorm (FT, alkuperäiskansatutkimus, Helsingin yliopisto), Jelena Porsanger (FT, alkuperäiskansatutkimus, Helsingin yliopisto ja RiddoDuottarMuseat), Ilona Kivinen (FT, saamentutkimus, Helsingin yliopisto) ja Pirjo Kristiina Virtanen (apulaisprofessori, alkuperäiskansatutkimus, Helsingin yliopisto). Ensyklopediaa on päivitetty v. 2021, mutta artikkeleissa olevaa tietoa ei enää aktiivisesti päivitetä, vaan ensyklopedia toimii tietopankkina, josta voi etsiä tietoa saamelaiskulttuuriin liittyen.

Vaikka muista kulttuureista on ilmestynyt merkittäviä tietosanakirjoja (mm. teokset Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia v. 1994, Finland, a cultural encyclopedia v. 1997 ja Norrlands uppslagsbok: ett uppslagsverket på vetenskaplig grund om den norrländska regionen v. 1993–1996), ei aikaisemmin ole laadittu yhtään vastaavaa ensyklopediaa, joka sisältäisi monipuolista tietoa saamelaiskulttuurista. Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedia on tarpeellinen niin kansainväliselle tutkijayhteisölle, viranomaisille ja kulttuurityöntekijöille, kuin myös eri alojen opettajille, opiskelijoille sekä saamelaisille itselleen.

Artikkelit on kirjoitettu pääsääntöisesti 2000-luvun alussa suomeksi ja englanniksi, joitakin myös ruotsiksi. Aihepiirin laajuuden vuoksi ensyklopedia ei pysty kattamaan kaikkia eri saamelaiskulttuurin osa-alueita artikkeleissaan, mutta tietokanta antaa kattavan kuvan tärkeimmistä teemoista.

Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedia julkaistiin alun perin painettuna vuonna 2005 nimellä Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedia - The Saami: A Cultural Encyclopaedia ja sille myönnettiin valtion julkistamispalkinto seuraavana vuonna. Kirjaversio on kattava, ja se koostuu n. 4000 hakusana-artikkelista.

Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopediahanke sai alkunsa Helsingin yliopistossa v. 1993 aloitetussa saamentutkimuksen opintokokonaisuudessa, josta vastasi useiden laitosten edustajista koostuva työryhmä. Kirjaprojektia alettiin suunnitella vuonna 1998, ja sille myönnettiin kaksivuotinen EU-rahoitus vuonna 2001. Hankkeen suorittamispaikka oli suomalais-ugrilainen laitos Helsingin yliopistolla, ja yhteistyökumppaneina toimivat Tromssan yliopiston humanistisen tiedekunnan saamen osasto, Uumajan yliopiston arkeologian ja saamen laitos, Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskuksen Álgu-hanke (Saamelaiskielten etymologinen tietokanta) ja Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. Ensyklopedia julkaistiin kirjan muodossa vuonna 2005 Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran kustantamana.

Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopediaprojektin alkuperäisen toimituskunnan ja työryhmän jäseniä. Vas. K.Aapala, E.Koponen, O.Korhonen, C.Carpelan, U-M.Kulonen, LD. Beck, I. Seurujävi-Kari ja R. Pulkkinen.
Projektin kokous suomalais-ugrilaisella laitoksella Helsingin yliopistossa joulukuussa 2002.

Alkuperäisen toimituskunnan jäsenet olivat Christian Carpelan (arkeologia, historia, etnografia; Helsingin yliopisto), Ulla-Maija Forsberg (saamen kieli; Helsingin yliopisto), Risto Pulkkinen (uskonto ja lappologinen tutkimus, Helsingin yliopisto), Irja Seurujärvi-Kari (projektin johtaja, aihealueina koulutus, yhteiskunnalliset olot, nykykulttuuri, elinkeinot ja ympäristö; Helsingin yliopisto), Jelena Porsanger (perinteinen hengellisyys ja traditiot, kirjallisuus; Tromssan ja Helsingin yliopistot), Olavi Korhonen ja Mikael Svonni (Ruotsin saamelaisasiat, paikannimet ja alueet; Uumajan yliopisto) sekä Lars-Dan Beck (tietokantasovellus; Helsingin yliopisto).

Ensyklopedian lähtökohtana ja innoittajana oli saamelaisten omaleimainen kulttuuri sekä saamelaisia kohtaan lisääntynyt kiinnostus eri puolilla maailmaa. Eri alojen tutkijat sekä matkailijat ja kirkonmiehet olivat varhaisista ajoista alkaen kiinnostuneet saamelaisista, joiden kulttuuri oli koettu eurooppalaisten kansojen kulttuureista poikkeavampana. Ensyklopediassa artikkelien kirjoittajat pyrkivät kumoamaan vanhoja stereotyyppisiä käsityksiä, sekä kartoittivat ja systematisoivat tietoa pohjoisen alkuperäiskansan kulttuurista yli valtakunnanrajojen. Euroopassa oli syytä panna erityistä painoarvoa alkuperäiskansojen kulttuureille ja perinteiselle tiedolle, sekä näitä koskevaan tutkimukselliseen tietoon. Tarkoituksena oli osaltaan myös vahvistaa saamelaista yhteiskuntaa.



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The background of the Encyclopaedia

The current members of the editorial board of The Encyclopaedia of Saami culture project (2020- ) are Dr. Irja Seurujärvi-Kari (Saami studies; University of Helsinki), Dr. Hanna Guttorm (Indigenous studies; University of Helsinki), Dr. Jelena Porsanger (Indigenous studies; University of Helsinki and RiddoDuottarMuseat), Dr. Ilona Kivinen (Saami studies; University of Helsinki) and Dr. Pirjo Kristiina Virtanen (associate professor, Indigenous studies; University of Helsinki). The Encyclopaedia was last updated in 2021, but the information in the articles is not actively maintained today. Nevertheless, the Encyclopaedia works as database of information on Saami culture.

Although there have been significant encyclopaedias published on other cultures (i.e, the Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia in 1994: Finland, a cultural encyclopedia in 1997: and Norrlands uppslagsbok: ett uppslagsverk på vetenskaplig grund om den norrländska regionen 1993-1996), there was not previously an encyclopaedia containing a wide range of information on Saami culture. The Encyclopaedia of Saami Culture is a necessary work of reference for the international academic community, public authorities, cultural experts, teachers and students in various fields, and for all who are interested in Saami culture - including Saami people.

The articles were primarily written in the beginning of the 21st century in Finnish and English, although there are some articles in Swedish. The diversity and depth of Saami culture makes it impossible to capture fully in an Encyclopaedia: nevertheless, the database gives a comprehensive image of the main topics of Saami culture.

The Encyclopaedia of Saami Culture was originally published in 2005 as Saamelaiskulttuurin ensyklopedia - The Saami: A Cultural Encyclopaedia, and it was granted a state award by The Ministry of Education and Culture in Finland- in 2006. The book edition is comprehensive, and it includes approximately 4000 articles.

The Encyclopaedia of Saami Culture project was launched in connection with a module of Saami Studies that began in the University of Helsinki in 1993. Planning commenced in 1998, and the project was granted funding for two years from the EU in 2001. The project was carried out in the Department of Finno-Ugrian Studies at the University of Helsinki, in conjunction with the department of Saami Studies of the Faculty of Humanities at the University of Tromsø in Norway, and the Department of Archaeology and Saami Studies at the University of Umeå in Sweden. Additionally, the Álgu project (an etymological data bank of the Saami languages) at the Research Institute for the Languages of Finland and the Finnish Literary Society were in co-operation.

Members of the editorial board and working group. From the left. K.Aapala, E.Koponen, O.Korhonen, C.Carpelan, U-M.Kulonen, LD. Beck, I. Seurujävi-Kari ja R. Pulkkinen.
The project meeting in the Finno-Ugric department in the University of Helsinki December 2002.

Members of the original editorial board and their areas of responsibility were: Christian Carpelan (archaeology, history, ethnography; University of Helsinki), Ulla-Maija Forsberg (Saami language; University of Helsinki), Risto Pulkkinen (religion and Lappological research; University of Helsinki), Irja Seurujärvi-Kari (Project Manager, education, social conditions, modern culture, occupations, environment; University of Helsinki), Jelena Porsanger (oral traditions, literature; University of Tromsø and University of Helsinki); Olavi Korhonen and Mikael Svonni (Swedish Saami affairs, place names and regions; University of Umeå) and Lars-Dan Beck (data base system; University of Helsinki).

The starting point and inspiration of the project was the distinctive culture of the Saamis and the interest towards them that had emerged in different parts of the world. The contributors of the articles in the Encyclopaedia sought to revise and overturn old stereotypes and to present research results concerning the Saamis. Since early times, scholars in various fields, travellers and clergymen have been interested in the Saamis, whose culture has been regarded as the most distinctive among the European peoples. The Encyclopaedia produces a rich store of knowledge that serves as starting point for an Internet-based databank on Saamis. The objective is to chart and systematize information concerning Saami culture across the present-day national borders. In the process of integration, it is important to place particular weight on the cultures and traditional knowledge of Indigenous peoples, and to disseminate results of the previous studies. One of the goals in the project was also to strengthen the Saami society.



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