Ero sivun Scandinavian languages versioiden välillä
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|kieli=englanti | |kieli=englanti | ||
|id=0185 | |id=0185 | ||
| − | |artikkeliteksti=<P align="justify"> Scandinavian languages: Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Islandic and Faroese. Swedish and Norwegian in particular still continue to exert a strong influence on the Saami languages. The stratum of Scandinavian loan words which are common to the Saami languages goes back to Proto-Scandinavian, and it is fairly extensive, amounting to several hundred words. Proto-Scandinavian load words can be distinguished from Proto-Germanic borrowings according to phonetic criteria that describe how the sounds of Proto-Germanic and Proto-Scandinavian were represented in Saami, and to a lesser extent from sound changes within the Germanic languages. Among the most important sound changes that took place with Saami under the influence of Proto-Germanic and Proto-Scandinavian are the earliest vowel shifts in the first syllable in {{Artikkelilinkki|0122|Proto-Saami}} (e.g. <i>a</i> > <i>ō</i> (> <i>uo</i>)) and the change of the sibilant <i></i> to <i>s</i>. In borrowings from Proto-Scandinavian, a source a usually corresponds to a long <i>ā</i>, as in the words <i>bárdni</i> son, boy (cf. Swedish <i>barn</i> child) and <i>láddi</i> peasant (cf. Swedish <i>land</i> land), but for example later consonant changes in western Saami (-<i>rn</i>- > -<i>rdn</i>- and -<i>nd</i>- > -<i>dd</i>-) have taken place in the same way as in the original words. Some further examples of Saami borrowings from Proto-Scandinavian are: | + | |artikkeliteksti=<P align="justify"> Scandinavian languages: Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Islandic and Faroese. Swedish and Norwegian in particular still continue to exert a strong influence on the {{Artikkelilinkki|20140721171759|Saami languages}}. The stratum of Scandinavian loan words which are common to the Saami languages goes back to Proto-Scandinavian, and it is fairly extensive, amounting to several hundred words. Proto-Scandinavian load words can be distinguished from Proto-Germanic borrowings according to phonetic criteria that describe how the sounds of {{Artikkelilinkki|0125|Proto-Germanic}} and Proto-Scandinavian were represented in Saami, and to a lesser extent from sound changes within the Germanic languages. Among the most important sound changes that took place with Saami under the influence of Proto-Germanic and Proto-Scandinavian are the earliest vowel shifts in the first syllable in {{Artikkelilinkki|0122|Proto-Saami}} (e.g. <i>a</i> > <i>ō</i> (> <i>uo</i>)) and the change of the sibilant <i></i> to <i>s</i>. In borrowings from Proto-Scandinavian, a source a usually corresponds to a long <i>ā</i>, as in the words <i>bárdni</i> son, boy (cf. Swedish <i>barn</i> child) and <i>láddi</i> peasant (cf. Swedish <i>land</i> land), but for example later consonant changes in western Saami (-<i>rn</i>- > -<i>rdn</i>- and -<i>nd</i>- > -<i>dd</i>-) have taken place in the same way as in the original words. Some further examples of Saami borrowings from Proto-Scandinavian are: |
* <i>áibmu</i> air, dwelling, | * <i>áibmu</i> air, dwelling, | ||
* <i>áku</i> axe, | * <i>áku</i> axe, | ||
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* <i>sávza</i> sheep and | * <i>sávza</i> sheep and | ||
* <i>vuosta</i> cheese.</P> | * <i>vuosta</i> cheese.</P> | ||
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|kirjoittaja=Ulla-Maija Kulonen | |kirjoittaja=Ulla-Maija Kulonen | ||
|luokat=Language and naming | |luokat=Language and naming | ||
}} | }} | ||
Versio 1. elokuuta 2014 kello 09.24
Skandinaaviset kielet
Scandinavian languages: Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Islandic and Faroese. Swedish and Norwegian in particular still continue to exert a strong influence on the Saami languages. The stratum of Scandinavian loan words which are common to the Saami languages goes back to Proto-Scandinavian, and it is fairly extensive, amounting to several hundred words. Proto-Scandinavian load words can be distinguished from Proto-Germanic borrowings according to phonetic criteria that describe how the sounds of Proto-Germanic and Proto-Scandinavian were represented in Saami, and to a lesser extent from sound changes within the Germanic languages. Among the most important sound changes that took place with Saami under the influence of Proto-Germanic and Proto-Scandinavian are the earliest vowel shifts in the first syllable in Proto-Saami (e.g. a > ō (> uo)) and the change of the sibilant ? to s. In borrowings from Proto-Scandinavian, a source a usually corresponds to a long ā, as in the words bárdni 'son, boy' (cf. Swedish barn 'child') and láddi 'peasant' (cf. Swedish land 'land'), but for example later consonant changes in western Saami (-rn- > -rdn- and -nd- > -dd-) have taken place in the same way as in the original words. Some further examples of Saami borrowings from Proto-Scandinavian are:
- áibmu 'air, dwelling',
- ákšu 'axe',
- arbi 'legacy',
- biergu 'flesh',
- datni 'tin',
- gáhku 'bread',
- gávdi 'thing',
- láidet 'to lead',
- lávgut 'to bathe',
- mánnu 'moon, month',
- niibi 'knife',
- nuorti 'east',
- ráidu 'caravan',
- sáidi 'coalfish',
- sávza 'sheep' and
- vuosta 'cheese'.
